What is Centrocecal scotoma?
A defect in vision that is oval-shaped and includes the fixation point and the blind spot of the eye.
What causes Cecocentral scotoma?
Conclusions: In spite of a selective referral bias, retinal disease was the most common pathophysiology causing central and cecocentral scotomas. The addition of OCT and anatomic studies helped to distinguish these, although even when the macula looked normal, functional studies such as multifocal ERG may be necessary.
What causes nasal step defect?
Nasal step defects are caused by optic nerve disorders that affect the long, arching axons that originate temporal to the macula, entering the disc superiorly or inferiorly. A nasal step may begin as a small depression above or below (and respecting) the horizontal meridian in the nasal visual field (see Figure 3–8A).
What is a Paracentral defect?
Paracentral defects were defined as three or more adjacent points with an abnormal probability score of P less than 2%, or at least one point with a P less than 1% within the two paracentral locations nearest to fixation.
What is arcuate defect?
Definition. A localized defect in the visual field bordered by an area of normal vision. This occurs with a variety of EYE DISEASES (e.g., RETINAL DISEASES and GLAUCOMA), OPTIC NERVE DISEASES, and other conditions. [
What is an arcuate visual field defect?
A small, bow-shaped (arcuate) visual field defect that follows the arcuate pattern of the retinal nerve fibers; does not cross the horizontal median. Damage to ganglion cells that feed into a particular part of the optic nerve head. More common: Glaucoma.
Can Vitamin B12 deficiency cause optic neuritis?
Introduction. Vitamin B12 (VitB12) deficiency rarely manifests with visual symptoms. Optic nerve damage in VitB12 deficiency is thought to be via degeneration. However, optic neuritis, though infrequent, has been reported secondary to VitB12 deficiency.
What causes low tension glaucoma?
CAUSES OF LOW TENSION GLAUCOMA Other low tension glaucoma risk factors include age, irregular blood flow to the optic nerve, diabetes, sleep apnea, Raynaud’s syndrome, migraines, and anatomical abnormalities of the structures around the optic nerve.
What does a blind spot in eye look like?
A scotoma is a blind spot or partial loss of vision in what is otherwise a perfectly normal visual field. It might look like a dark, fuzzy, or blurry spot, or it might look like a single spot of flickering light or arcs of light.
